Petroleum solvents (nefrases) are used in various industries for the dissolution and extraction of organic compounds. The main volume of solvents is used for the needs of the rubber, paint, and wood chemical industries, as well as for washing and degreasing metal surfaces.<\/p>\n
Petroleum solvents include various fractions of oil obtained as a result of distillation. Nephras are divided into solvents with a low boiling point (gasoline), which boil at a temperature up to 150 \u00b0C (they are marked with the B index), and high (kerosene) solvents that boil at a temperature above 150 \u00b0C (they are marked with an index K). Depending on the hydrocarbon composition of the solvent, raw materials and production technology, petroleum solvents are divided into the following groups:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
P – paraffinic, more than 50% (mass fraction) of normal paraffinic hydrocarbons;<\/p>\n
And – isoparaffin containing more than 50% (mass fraction) of isoparaffin hydrocarbons;<\/p>\n
H – naphthenic, containing more than 50% (mass fraction) of naphthenic hydrocarbons;<\/p>\n
A – aromatic, containing more than 50% (mass fraction) of aromatic hydrocarbons;<\/p>\n
C – mixed, containing no more than 50% (mass fraction) of hydrocarbons of each of the groups<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
According to the content of aromatic hydrocarbons (% by mass), groups P, I, H and C are divided into subgroups:<\/p>\n
0 – less than 0.1;<\/p>\n
1 – 0.1-0.5;<\/p>\n
2 – 0.5-2.5;<\/p>\n
3 – 2.5-5.0;<\/p>\n
4 – 5-25;<\/p>\n
5 – 25-50.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Marking of petroleum solvents (nefras) includes group designation, subgroup number, lower and upper boiling limits of the product. For example, paraffin oil solvent containing 2.5-5.0% aromatics. hydrocarbons and boils in the range of 30-80 \u00b0 C, denoted: nefras-PZ-30\/80.<\/p>\n
The table shows the designations and names of some petroleum solvents.<\/p>\n
Names of petroleum solvents<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Marking<\/p>\n
Gasoline-solvent for the rubber industry Nefras S2-80\/120
\nNefras C3-80\/120
\nSolvent for technical purposes Nefras S-50\/170
\nGasoline-solvent for the paint industry (white spirit) Nefras S4-155\/200
\nSolvent petroleum Nefras A-130\/150
\nHeavy petroleum solvent Nefras A-120\/200
\nNefras C3-70\/95 straight-run extraction gasoline
\ngasoline extraction Nefras S2-70\/85
\nGasoline-solvent for the forestry industry Nefras S3-105\/130
\nPetroleum ether fraction Nefras P4-30\/80
\nHeptane solvent Nefras C3-94\/99
\nNefras C4-150\/200 white spirit substitute
\nHexane solvent Nefras P1-65\/75
\nNefras P1-63\/75
\nNefras P1-65\/70
\nTechnological solvent for the “Alfol” Nefras H2-220\/300 process
\nSolvent for household insecticides Nefras I2-190\/320
\nPetroleum aromatic solvent Nefras A-150\/330<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Petroleum solvents (nefrases) are used in various industries for the dissolution and extraction of organic compounds. The main volume of solvents is used for the needs of the rubber, paint, and wood chemical industries, as well as for washing and degreasing metal surfaces. Petroleum solvents include various fractions of oil obtained as a result of … Continue reading Petroleum solvents<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=566"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4390,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566\/revisions\/4390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tophim.com.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}